Electrode Laserbased Structuring

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Summary:

In order to meet the increasing requirements for lithium ion batteries to electrify the individual mobility, a high specific discharge capacity and a sufficient C-rate capability at the same time is mandatory. A promising strategy to reach these requirements is the use of high energy electrodes based on high mass loading, which results in a higher energy density on cell level. Therefore, electrode thicknesses up to 150 µm are necessary. In the course of this the ionic conductivity for lithium ions is inhibited, which means that the possible capacity of the electrode is not fully utilized. A way to circumvent this inherent disadvantage is a laser-based structuring of the electrode coating. Due to the structure, the diffusion path can be shortened so that the potential of the entire coating can be used at higher C-rates. [1, 2, 3, 4]
The electrode surface area represents the interface between electrolyte and electrode and is therefore important for the lithium ion exchange between these two components whereby an extension enables an activity improvement. For this purpose, hole structures were brought into the electrode using nano and pico second pulsed laser radiation. Various structures ranging from shallow depths to completely perforated electrodes were created. [5]
The used laser system (laser source plus the laser beam guidance) and the set laser parameters influence the material ablation and thus the resulting structure. The mainly significant laser parameters are average power, spot size, pulse width, pulse repetition frequency and number of pulses that influence the laser material interactions and the resulting structure.
The presented investigations will show the dependency of the laser fluence using different laser sources (ns laser source, ps laser source) and analyzing the resulting structures with imaging techniques. To investigate the thermal influence on the residual material, measurements are carried out using nano-indenter.

References:
[1] J. Habedank, J. Endres, P. Schmitz, M. Zaeh, H. Huber, Journal of Laser Applications Vol. 30 No 3 (2018).
[2] M. Roberts, P. Johns, J. Owen, D. Brandell, K. Edstrom, G. El Enany, C. Guerym D. Golodnitsky, M. Lacey, C. Lecoeur, H. Mazor, E: Peled, E. Perre, M. Shaijumon, P. Simon, P.-L. Taberna, Journal of Materials Chemistry Vol 21 No 27 pp. 9876-9890.
[3] M. Mangang, H. Seifert, W. Pfleging, Journal of Power Sources, 304(2916) 24-32.
[4] J. Habedank, L. Kraft, A. Rheinfeld, C. Krezdorn, A. Jossen, M. Zaeh, Journal of Electrochemical Society, 165 (7) (2018) A1563-A1573.
[5] B. Chivkov, C. Momma, S. Nolte, F. von Alvensleben, A. Tünnemann, Journal of Applied Physics A 63, 109 -115 (1996).

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