Thermal modelling is a crucial step in the simulation and system design of stationary battery energy storage systems (BESS). The Lithium-ion battery is highly temperature-sensitive, with critical aspects such as safety, performance and lifetime duration being strongly dependent on the operating temperature of the battery. The performance of a BESS

Many use cases for lithium-ion based battery energy storage systems (BESSs) seem to be of interest. In particular, reducing the peak power demand in the industry sector or power supply for fast charging stations are seen as two of the most prominent applications for BESSs. However, most publications dealing with

Cost efficient stationary energy storage systems can be produced when battery modules from the automotive application are reused. Batteries from electric vehicles are mostly returned from the first life usage when they reach a capacity of 80 percent of its nominal capacity. To guarantee an intrinsic safe operation of the

Profitability and operational control of residential lithium-ion-battery storage systems coupled to local PV generation have been studied intensively in the last decade [1, 2]. Lesser attention has been paid to the analysis of industry and utility scale storage systems. We foresee, that the landscape of applications to be served with

Following the increasing market relevance of stationary battery systems, the demand for simulation models as tools for optimized design and operation as well as predictive maintenance has been growing in recent years. While battery cell models for the calculation of the average electro-thermal behavior i.e. the voltage and temperature of

Frank Schäfer a,b, Michael Holzapfel a, Thomas Berger a and Jens Tübke a,b. a Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology (ICT), Applied Electrochemistry, Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Straße 7, 76327 Pfinztal, Germany b Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Straße am Forum 8, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany ORCID-ID: 0000-0002-8329-4942 A

Frank Schäfer a,b, Michael Holzapfel a, Thomas Berger a and Jens Tübke a,b. a Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology (ICT), Applied Electrochemistry, Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Straße 7, 76327 Pfinztal, Germany b Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Straße am Forum 8, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8329-4942 A medium-temperature

Medium-Temperature Sodium-Iodine Battery System Frank Schäfer a,b, Michael Holzapfel a, Thomas Berger a and Jens Tübke a,b. a Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology (ICT), Applied Electrochemistry, Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Straße 7, 76327 Pfinztal, Germany b Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Straße am Forum 8, D-76131, Karlsruhe,

The globally installed capacity of battery energy storage systems (BESS) has been increasing steadily over the last years. Even with the cost reductions of lithium-ion cells that are fuelling this trend, the cell costs themselves remain one of the main cost factors for modern BESSs, making it beneficial to extend